Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age and sex for the population in private households in Clare, MD

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 1	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	7,865	2,795	4,750	270
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	7,865	2,790	4,755	270
0 to 14 years	815	410	370	35
0 to 4 years	225	105	110	10
5 to 9 years	310	145	160	10
10 to 14 years	285	165	105	15
15 to 64 years	4,990	1,925	2,870	170
15 to 19 years	415	185	195	30
20 to 24 years	295	135	140	15
25 to 29 years	325	140	170	10
30 to 34 years	290	105	185	0
35 to 39 years	375	195	150	15
40 to 44 years	450	180	255	15
45 to 49 years	590	260	305	15
50 to 54 years	765	270	480	25
55 to 59 years	795	245	535	20
60 to 64 years	695	215	460	25
65 years and over	2,055	455	1,510	70
65 to 69 years	645	205	415	10
70 to 74 years	580	90	460	20
75 to 79 years	405	90	290	20
80 to 84 years	215	50	150	10
85 years and over	210	15	185	10
85 to 89 years	140	10	125	10
90 to 94 years	65	10	55	0
95 to 99 years	10	10	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0
Average age	48.7	42.5	52.4	45.3
Median age	52.2	45.7	56.5	49.2
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	7,045	2,380	4,380	235
Married or living common law	4,435	1,495	2,760	135
Married	3,515	1,190	2,190	100
Living common law	920	310	575	35
Not married and not living common law	2,610	885	1,620	100
Never married	1,510	580	845	70
Separated	230	55	160	0
Divorced	355	120	220	10
Widowed	520	125	385	10
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	7,045	2,380	4,380	235
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,865	2,305	4,305	225
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,494	32,369	37,651	29,826
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,117	25,864	28,793	23,909
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,875	2,305	4,305	225
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,118	27,752	31,764	25,612
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,489	23,411	26,143	22,241
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,755	1,965	3,585	175
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,153	29,819	35,426	27,519
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,530	22,840	26,948	23,839
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,510	1,820	3,485	175
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,625	8,762	10,049	10,220
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,321	7,568	10,193	11,699
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,600	1,670	2,780	140
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,670	28,437	35,353	31,620
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,043	20,511	28,450	26,691
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	78.2	78.7	78.4	73.8
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	61.7	63.8	60.6	63.6
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	21.8	21.4	21.6	27.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	7,050	2,380	4,380	240
Without total income	180	80	75	15
With total income	6,870	2,300	4,300	225
Percentage with total income	97.4	96.6	98.2	93.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	860	375	430	35
$10,000 to $19,999	1,605	520	1,015	65
$20,000 to $29,999	1,200	400	755	40
$30,000 to $39,999	1,035	340	655	40
$40,000 to $49,999	680	205	460	15
$50,000 to $59,999	475	140	320	15
$60,000 to $69,999	405	145	250	10
$70,000 to $79,999	205	65	135	10
$80,000 to $89,999	135	30	100	0
$90,000 to $99,999	45	20	25	0
$100,000 and over	220	65	150	10
$100,000 to $149,999	155	50	95	10
$150,000 and over	65	10	55	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	7,050	2,380	4,380	235
Without after-tax income	175	75	75	10
With after-tax income	6,875	2,305	4,310	225
Percentage with after-tax income	97.5	96.8	98.4	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	910	390	470	40
$10,000 to $19,999	1,665	565	1,025	65
$20,000 to $29,999	1,555	495	1,005	45
$30,000 to $39,999	1,095	340	710	40
$40,000 to $49,999	745	225	505	10
$50,000 to $59,999	430	135	290	10
$60,000 to $69,999	210	70	130	0
$70,000 to $79,999	75	25	45	0
$80,000 and over	185	60	125	0
$80,000 to $89,999	70	30	40	0
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	95	20	75	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	7,045	2,385	4,380	235
Without employment income	2,445	710	1,600	100
With employment income	4,600	1,670	2,780	135
Percentage with employment income	65.3	70.0	63.5	57.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	615	225	350	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	380	195	170	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	840	390	435	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	770	245	495	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	600	130	445	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	430	175	245	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	300	95	200	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	275	105	170	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	125	35	85	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	270	70	190	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	95	20	75	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	35	15	25	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	140	35	95	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	7,045	2,380	4,380	240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	1,880	615	1,210	50
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	39,927	42,028	39,641	36,797
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	46,751	43,725	48,695	43,485
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	7,865	2,790	4,750	270
English only	2,090	1,980	50	15
French only	100	0	95	0
English and French	5,670	810	4,605	255
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	7,860	2,795	4,755	270
English	3,320	2,540	640	105
French	4,330	220	4,000	110
Non-official language	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	0	0
English and French	190	20	105	60
English and non-official language	15	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	7,865	2,790	4,750	270
None	5,560	2,395	2,955	180
English	1,600	135	1,420	50
French	675	250	375	45
Non-official language	25	0	10	0
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	15	0	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	7,865	2,790	4,750	270
English	2,990	2,790	50	100
French	4,810	0	4,700	110
English and French	60	0	0	60
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^Footnote 19	4,835	0	4,700	135
Official language minority (percentage)^Footnote 20	61.5	0.0	98.9	50.0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 21	7,865	2,795	4,750	270
Official languages	7,855	2,795	4,750	270
English	7,755	2,790	4,655	270
French	5,770	815	4,700	260
Non-official languages	180	35	90	10
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	170	30	85	10
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 22	7,860	2,795	4,750	270
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 23	1,420	415	925	75
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	1,385	410	895	75
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 25	60	50	0	10
Métis	1,325	360	895	70
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 26	20	0	15	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 27	15	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	6,445	2,375	3,830	195
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	7,865	2,790	4,750	270
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 29	125	45	70	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,740	2,745	4,680	270
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 30	7,865	2,790	4,755	275
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 31	165	70	95	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 32	160	75	90	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 33	10	0	10	0
Métis single ancestry	150	65	85	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 34	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	1,570	345	1,145	85
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 36	1,435	315	1,050	75
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	335	85	235	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,100	230	815	60
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 37	140	30	100	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	135	30	95	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 38	6,125	2,380	3,510	190
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 39	7,865	2,790	4,755	270
Canadian citizens^Footnote 40	7,715	2,695	4,735	265
Canadian citizens only	7,605	2,605	4,715	270
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	110	90	20	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 41	150	100	20	0
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 42	7,860	2,790	4,750	270
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	7,605	2,625	4,710	265
Immigrants^Footnote 44	235	160	40	10
Before 1981	130	85	30	10
1981 to 1990	35	30	0	0
1991 to 2000	15	0	10	0
2001 to 2010	25	15	0	0
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	25	20	0	0
2011 to 2016^Footnote 45	30	15	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	20	10	10	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 47	235	155	40	0
Under 5 years	25	15	10	10
5 to 14 years	30	25	10	0
15 to 24 years	55	45	10	0
25 to 44 years	70	45	10	0
45 years and over	55	35	0	10
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 48	235	160	35	0
Americas	155	110	30	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	10	0	0
United States^Footnote 49	140	105	30	10
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	0	0
Europe	60	35	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	10	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 50	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	15	10	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Serbia^Footnote 51	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 52	25	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	0
Africa	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 54	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 55	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 56	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 57	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 58	10	10	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 59	30	20	0	0
Americas	15	15	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 60	15	15	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 64	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 65	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 66	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 70	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 71	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 72	7,865	2,795	4,755	270
First generation^Footnote 73	320	225	45	0
Second generation^Footnote 74	345	160	155	30
Third generation or more^Footnote 75	7,205	2,415	4,555	235
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 76	105	80	10	0
Economic immigrants^Footnote 77	30	25	0	0
Principal applicants^Footnote 78	15	10	0	0
Secondary applicants^Footnote 79	15	15	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 80	75	50	10	0
Refugees^Footnote 81	0	0	0	0
Other immigrants^Footnote 82	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 83	7,865	2,795	4,750	270
Total visible minority population^Footnote 84	95	60	15	0
South Asian^Footnote 85	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	0
Black	60	55	10	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0
Latin American	10	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	10	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 86	0	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 87	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 88	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 89	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 90	7,770	2,735	4,740	270
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 91	7,860	2,795	4,750	275
North American Aboriginal origins	1,735	410	1,235	85
First Nations (North American Indian)	485	120	340	20
Inuit	0	0	0	0
Métis	1,400	325	1,000	70
Other North American origins	5,380	1,600	3,570	215
Acadian	2,215	350	1,760	110
American	50	35	10	10
Canadian	3,795	1,345	2,310	140
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0
European origins	4,700	1,910	2,610	150
British Isles origins	2,140	1,500	585	60
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	1,310	1,020	240	45
Irish	855	525	310	15
Manx	0	0	0	0
Scottish	570	495	55	15
Welsh	10	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	25	15	10	0
French origins	3,375	745	2,490	145
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	3,375	740	2,490	140
Western European origins (except French origins)	330	265	40	0
Austrian	20	20	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	10	0	0	0
Dutch	85	75	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0
German	255	205	40	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	10	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 94	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	30	25	10	0
Danish	10	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0
Swedish	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	10	10	10	0
Eastern European origins	85	70	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	15	15	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	25	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	20	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	70	40	20	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	20	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	15	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	0	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	30	25	10	0
Basque	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	30	20	10	0
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 102	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	0	0	0	0
African origins	70	40	30	0
Central and West African origins	10	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0
North African origins	20	0	20	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	0	20	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	50	40	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	10	10	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	40	30	10	0
Asian origins	60	25	25	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	40	15	25	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 111	0	0	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	0	20	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	20	15	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	15	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	0	0
Australian	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 116	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 117	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 118	7,045	2,380	4,380	235
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,150	690	1,335	105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 119	1,250	565	655	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,645	1,130	2,390	115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	990	250	700	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 120	575	150	415	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 121	415	100	285	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,470	480	935	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	105	120	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	960	295	640	20
Bachelor's degree	695	200	475	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	25	35	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	15	20	0
Master's degree	155	45	100	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 122	25	10	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 123	7,050	2,380	4,385	235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 124	3,405	1,255	1,990	125
Education	380	120	250	0
13. Education	380	115	250	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	15	25	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	40	15	25	0
Humanities	130	50	70	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	15	30	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 125	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0
54. History	15	0	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	30	10	20	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	135	55	80	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	20	25	0
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 126	0	0	10	0
42. Psychology	20	10	15	0
45. Social sciences	35	15	20	0
Business, management and public administration	870	195	655	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	15	45	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	800	175	605	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	20	20	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	15	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 127	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	45	30	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	35	20	0
25. Library science	15	10	10	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 128	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	915	255	620	40
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	55	25	30	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	125	45	80	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	265	90	150	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	315	55	250	0
48. Precision production	160	35	115	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	30	20	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	30	10	15	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	15	10	0
Health and related fields	555	225	315	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	540	220	305	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	440	120	300	15
12. Personal and culinary services	265	70	185	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	35	25	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	140	25	105	15
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 129	7,045	2,380	4,380	240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,405	1,255	1,990	125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 130	3,650	1,125	2,395	110
Location of study inside Canada	3,480	1,025	2,340	110
Same as province or territory of residence	2,870	770	2,005	95
Different than province or territory of residence	610	250	335	15
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 131	165	100	50	0
United States^Footnote 132	115	80	35	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 133	10	0	10	0
China^Footnote 134	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Other	45	20	10	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 135	7,045	2,380	4,380	235
In the labour force	4,000	1,455	2,410	120
Employed	3,545	1,195	2,235	100
Unemployed	455	255	175	15
Not in the labour force	3,045	930	1,970	115
Participation rate	56.8	61.1	55.0	51.1
Employment rate	50.3	50.2	51.0	42.6
Unemployment rate	11.4	17.5	7.3	12.5
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 136	7,045	2,380	4,380	235
Did not work^Footnote 137	2,725	770	1,815	105
Worked	4,320	1,610	2,565	135
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 138	1,900	630	1,205	50
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 139	2,420	980	1,355	85
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.2	38.4	41.5	36.2
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 140	4,420	1,660	2,620	130
a.Management	330	150	175	0
00 Senior management occupations	30	15	10	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	90	25	65	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	110	40	70	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	100	75	30	0
b.Professional	495	180	305	10
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	45	15	35	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	20	0	15	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	50	35	20	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	55	25	25	10
40 Professional occupations in education services	205	60	140	10
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	65	25	45	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	45	15	25	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	315	115	190	10
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	105	40	55	0
32 Technical occupations in health	65	25	45	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	60	20	40	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	20	0	15	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	65	20	40	10
d.Administration and administrative support	410	105	290	10
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	220	60	155	10
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	45	0	35	0
14 Office support occupations	125	35	85	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	20	0	15	0
e.Sales	340	135	185	15
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	45	15	30	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	130	45	90	0
66 Sales support occupations	160	75	75	15
f.Personal and customer information services	720	280	430	10
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	155	65	90	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	90	25	60	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	150	45	110	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	100	25	80	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	225	125	100	10
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	425	120	280	25
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	295	85	195	15
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	130	35	90	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	295	75	190	25
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	25	10	15	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	230	60	145	15
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	40	10	25	10
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	645	280	355	15
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	300	50	240	10
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	275	190	80	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	70	40	30	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	450	215	215	10
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	50	25	20	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	140	70	65	10
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	65	15	45	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	195	100	90	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	4,420	1,660	2,620	135
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	755	345	390	20
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 142	295	250	35	10
113 Forestry and logging	35	0	30	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	410	75	330	10
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	10	15	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	10
211 Oil and gas extraction	10	10	10	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	10	0	0
221 Utilities	10	0	0	0
23 Construction	295	85	195	20
236 Construction of buildings	55	15	30	10
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	45	15	30	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	200	55	135	10
31-33 Manufacturing	720	270	430	15
311 Food manufacturing	425	160	255	10
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	10	10	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	35	35	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	20	10	15	0
322 Paper manufacturing	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	10	10	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	0	0	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	10	0	10	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	10	0	10	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	10	0	10	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	15	0	10	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	10	10	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	160	40	125	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	0	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	80	45	30	10
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	40	25	10	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	10	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	10
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	25	10	15	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	475	205	250	20
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	85	40	45	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	0	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	45	15	30	0
445 Food and beverage stores	100	50	45	0
446 Health and personal care stores	85	30	55	0
447 Gasoline stations	45	15	20	10
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	20	0	20	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	10	0	10	0
452 General merchandise stores	45	20	25	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	35	30	10	0
454 Non-store retailers	20	10	10	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	115	50	60	10
481 Air transportation	0	0	0	0
482 Rail transportation	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	20	10	10	0
484 Truck transportation	45	15	25	10
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	25	10	15	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	10	15	0	0
491 Postal service	10	0	10	0
492 Couriers and messengers	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	65	0	60	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	10	0	10	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	0	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	10	0	10	0
517 Telecommunications	10	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	30	0	30	0
52 Finance and insurance	135	30	100	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	90	20	70	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	10	0	10	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	35	0	25	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	10	10	0
531 Real estate	15	10	10	0
532 Rental and leasing services	0	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	100	30	65	0
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	95	25	70	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	85	30	55	0
561 Administrative and support services	70	25	45	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	15	0	10	0
61 Educational services	385	110	250	15
611 Educational services	380	110	250	20
62 Health care and social assistance	545	200	325	15
621 Ambulatory health care services	115	45	70	10
622 Hospitals	80	35	40	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	220	90	130	10
624 Social assistance	125	30	90	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	60	30	35	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	15	10	10	0
712 Heritage institutions	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	40	25	20	0
72 Accommodation and food services	215	90	115	10
721 Accommodation services	40	25	15	0
722 Food services and drinking places	175	70	100	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	190	55	140	0
811 Repair and maintenance	60	10	55	0
812 Personal and laundry services	50	10	40	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	75	35	35	0
814 Private households	10	0	10	0
91 Public administration	185	80	100	10
911 Federal government public administration	95	35	50	10
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	50	25	25	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	45	15	25	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 143	3,545	1,195	2,235	105
Worked at home	205	85	120	0
Worked outside Canada	35	10	15	0
No fixed workplace address	580	170	375	30
Worked at usual place	2,725	925	1,725	75
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	4,420	1,655	2,620	135
English	2,160	1,445	655	50
French	1,890	180	1,665	50
Non-official language	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	0	0
English and French	355	30	300	30
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 145	4,420	1,655	2,615	135
None	2,440	1,290	1,065	75
English	1,325	135	1,150	40
French	650	230	400	20
Non-official language	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,730	925	1,730	75
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,995	550	1,390	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	300	165	130	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	415	190	205	20
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	3,305	1,095	2,100	105
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,975	970	1,915	90
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	190	90	90	10
Public transit	10	0	0	0
Walked	75	20	55	0
Bicycle	10	0	0	0
Other method	45	10	30	0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	3,310	1,100	2,105	100
Less than 15 minutes	1,510	420	1,055	35
15 to 29 minutes	1,070	325	710	30
30 to 44 minutes	390	175	185	25
45 to 59 minutes	220	125	95	10
60 minutes and over	120	50	65	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	3,310	1,095	2,100	105
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	180	55	125	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	400	155	240	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,345	455	825	60
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	655	185	465	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	170	65	105	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	560	180	350	30
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 149	7,825	2,770	4,730	270
Non-movers	7,190	2,435	4,480	235
Movers	635	340	255	35
Non-migrants	350	155	185	15
Migrants	290	185	75	25
Internal migrants	270	180	75	20
Intraprovincial migrants	200	135	45	20
Interprovincial migrants	70	45	25	0
External migrants	20	10	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 150	7,640	2,685	4,645	260
Non-movers	6,165	1,930	3,985	215
Movers	1,475	760	660	40
Non-migrants	730	280	440	10
Migrants	745	480	220	30
Internal migrants	660	420	205	35
Intraprovincial migrants	385	245	115	20
Interprovincial migrants	280	170	90	10
External migrants	90	65	15	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 21

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 22

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 23

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 24

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 26

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 27

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 28

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 30

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 31

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 32

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 34

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 37

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 38

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 39

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 40

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 41

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 42

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 43

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 44

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 48

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 49

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 50

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 51

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 52

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 53

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 54

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 55

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 56

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 57

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 58

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 59

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 60

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 61

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 62

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 63

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 64

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 65

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 66

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 67

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 68

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 69

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 70

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 71

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 72

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 73

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 74

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 75

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 76

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 77

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 78

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 79

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 80

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 81

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 82

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 83

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 84

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 85

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 86

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 87

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 88

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 89

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 90

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 91

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 102

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 111

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 116

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 118

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 119

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 120

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 121

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 122

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 123

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 124

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 127

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 128

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 129

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 130

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 131

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 132

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 133

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 134

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 135

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 136

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 140

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 141

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 142

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 143

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 144

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 145

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 146

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 147

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 148

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Clare, MD

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 7.6%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016354.